通往合作创新之路：试点驱动、专利合作与城市创新质量The Path to Collaborative Innovation: Pilot driven, Patent Cooperation, and Urban Innovation Quality
邓敏,潘晨昱,李建成
摘要(Abstract)：
全球化与科技进步决定了高质量创新成果愈加由复合背景的科研团队共同合作完成，企业专利合作与共同创新的趋势正在不断加快。本文以国家创新型城市试点政策为准自然实验构建双重差分模型，从城市内外部专利合作机制切入，考察了试点政策对城市创新的影响及其作用机制。研究发现：(1)国家创新型城市试点政策短期内显著提升了中国城市创新质量，而在绝对数量上未表现出明显增长。(2)专利合作市试点政策驱动城市创新质量提升的重要机制，即专利生产的方式愈来愈由企业独立向企业间合作创新发生转变，且相较于城市外部企业间合作专利，由城市内企业间合作研发引致的创新质量提升效应占试点政策总效应更高。(3)市场和文化分割程度低、规模大的城市更能从创新试点政策中受益，同时创新试点政策也具有毗邻效应。本文认为，国家创新型试点城市政策带来的并非机械式数量增长，而是内涵式质量增长，这对于理解中国如何从创新大国迈向创新强国找到了一条重要识别路径：通过贯彻创新激励型试点政策驱动城市内外部企业专利合作，进而提升城市创新质量。
关键词(KeyWords)： 国家创新型城市;试点政策;专利合作;城市创新质量
基金项目(Foundation): 国家自然科学青年基金项目“企业技术创新伙伴的空间选择:事实、机理与效应”(项目编号:72303047);; 教育部人文社会科学研究青年基金项目“国家创新型城市建设对企业创新的影响研究:理论机制与中国经验”(项目编号:22YJC790021);; 国家社会科学基金重大项目“城市群协同创新带动大中小城市协调发展研究”(项目编号:23&ZD067)的资助
作者(Author): 邓敏,潘晨昱,李建成
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- (1)由作者根据国家知识产权局专利数据计算得到。
- (2)仅能在国家统计局检索到截至2020年的每万人口发明专利拥有量。
- (3)数据来源:《中国火炬统计年鉴》。
- (4)专利质量和专利数量的衡量中均不含外观设计专利。
- (5)受限于篇幅,本文还进行了更换被解释变量、工具变量检验、倾向匹配得分、排除其他政策干扰、剔除特殊样本和加入更多控制变量等一系列稳健性检验,有需要可向作者索取。